民話をさがす / ベンガル
The Indigent Brahman
ベンガル(India) / 本文の言語 英語 / 原話の言語 ベンガル語 / 出典の刊年 1912 / 2,598 語
出典と権利
| 出典の本 | Folk-Tales of Bengal |
|---|---|
| 提供 | Project Gutenberg / https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/38488 |
| 採集・編者 | Lal Behari Day |
| 翻訳 | Lal Behari Day |
| 刊年の根拠 | 扉に 1912 |
| 権利状態 | Public Domain (United States)(US)/確認日 2026-09-08 |
| 地図上の位置 | 緯度 23.7 / 経度 88.4(精度 culture_region)。話の舞台でも採集地でもなく、この本が扱う文化圏のおおよその中心である。 |
本文 ・ 和訳対照
Project Gutenberg の本文から、PG のヘッダ・フッタ・商標文言を除いたもの。段落は原文のままである。
左=原文(原資料)右=和訳(AI が作ったもの)
There was a Brahman who had a wife and four children. He was very poor. With no resources in the world, he lived chiefly on the benefactions of the rich. His gains were considerable when marriages were celebrated or funeral ceremonies were performed; but as his parishioners did not marry every day, neither did they die every day, he found it difficult to make the two ends meet. His wife often rebuked him for his inability to give her adequate support, and his children often went about naked and hungry. But though poor he was a good man. He was diligent in his devotions; and there was not a single day in his life in which he did not say his prayers at stated hours. His tutelary deity was the goddess Durga, the consort of Siva, the creative Energy of the Universe. On no day did he either drink water or taste food till he had written in red ink the name of Durga at least one hundred and eight times; while throughout the day he incessantly uttered the ejaculation, "O Durga! O Durga! have mercy upon me." Whenever he felt anxious on account of his poverty and his inability to support his wife and children, he groaned out--"Durga! Durga! Durga!"
あるところに、妻と四人の子を持つバラモンがいた。たいそう貧しかった。この世に何の資もなく、おもに富める者たちの施しで暮らしていた。婚礼が営まれたり葬りの儀式が行われたりするときには相当の実入りがあったが、檀家が毎日婚礼を挙げるわけでも、毎日死ぬわけでもないので、暮らしの帳尻を合わせるのは難しかった。妻はしばしば、十分に養えないことで夫を責め、子らはしばしば裸で腹をすかせて歩き回っていた。けれども貧しくはあっても、彼は善良な人であった。勤行に励み、その生涯のうち、定められた時刻に祈りを唱えなかった日は一日もなかった。守り神は女神ドゥルガー、シヴァの妃であり、宇宙の創造の力である。赤い墨でドゥルガーの名を少なくとも百八回書きつけるまでは、水を飲むことも食べ物を口にすることもしなかった。そして一日じゅう絶え間なく「おおドゥルガーよ! おおドゥルガーよ! われを憐れみたまえ」と唱えつづけた。貧しさと、妻子を養えぬことに心を痛めるたびに、彼はうめくように言った——「ドゥルガー! ドゥルガー! ドゥルガー!」
One day, being very sad, he went to a forest many miles distant from the village in which he lived, and indulging his grief wept bitter tears. He prayed in the following manner:--"O Durga! O Mother Bhagavati! wilt thou not make an end of my misery? Were I alone in the world, I should not have been sad on account of poverty; but thou hast given me a wife and children. Give me, O Mother, the means to support them." It so happened that on that day and on that very spot the god Siva and his wife Durga were taking their morning walk. The goddess Durga, on seeing the Brahman at a distance, said to her divine husband--"O Lord of Kailas! do you see that Brahman? He is always taking my name on his lips and offering the prayer that I should deliver him out of his troubles. Can we not, my lord, do something for the poor Brahman, oppressed as he is with the cares of a growing family? We should give him enough to make him comfortable. As the poor man and his family have never enough to eat, I propose that you give him a handi [7] which should yield him an inexhaustible supply of mudki." [8] The lord of Kailas readily agreed to the proposal of his divine consort, and by his decree created on the spot a handi possessing the required quality. Durga then, calling the Brahman to her, said,--"O Brahman! I have often thought of your pitiable case. Your repeated prayers have at last moved my compassion. Here is a handi for you. When you turn it upside down and shake it, it will pour down a never-ceasing shower of the finest mudki, which will not end till you restore the handi to its proper position. Yourself, your wife, and your children can eat as much mudki as you like, and you can also sell as much as you like." The Brahman, delighted beyond measure at obtaining so inestimable a treasure, made obeisance to the goddess, and, taking the handi in his hand, proceeded towards his house as fast as his legs could carry him. But he had not gone many yards when he thought of testing the efficacy of the wonderful vessel. Accordingly he turned the handi upside down and shook it, when, lo, and behold! a quantity of the finest mudki he had ever seen fell to the ground. He tied the sweetmeat in his sheet and walked on. It was now noon, and the Brahman was hungry; but he could not eat without his ablutions and his prayers. As he saw in the way an inn, and not far from it a tank, he purposed to halt there that he might bathe, say his prayers, and then eat the much-desired mudki. The Brahman sat at the innkeeper's shop, put the handi near him, smoked tobacco, besmeared his body with mustard oil, and before proceeding to bathe in the adjacent tank gave the handi in charge to the innkeeper, begging him again and again to take especial care of it.
ある日、たいそう悲しくなって、彼は住む村から何マイルも離れた森へ行き、悲しみに身を任せて苦い涙を流した。そしてこう祈った。「おおドゥルガーよ! おお母なるバガヴァティーよ! わたしのみじめさを終わらせてくださらぬのか。もしわたしがこの世に一人であったなら、貧しさを悲しみはしなかったでしょう。けれどもあなたはわたしに妻と子をお与えになった。おお母よ、どうか彼らを養う手立てをお与えください。」ちょうどその日、その場所で、神シヴァとその妻ドゥルガーが朝の散歩をしていた。女神ドゥルガーは遠くにこのバラモンを見て、神なる夫に言った。「おおカイラスの主よ、あのバラモンが見えますか。いつもわたしの名を口にして、この苦しみから救ってくださいと祈っています。わが主よ、あの哀れなバラモンに何かしてやれないでしょうか。増えていく家族を養う心配に押しつぶされているのです。心安らかに暮らせるだけのものを与えてやりましょう。あの貧しい男とその家族は、腹いっぱい食べたことが一度もないのですから、ハンディ[7](素焼きの壺)を与えて、そこからムドキ[8] が尽きることなく出るようにしてやってはいかがでしょう。」カイラスの主は神なる妻の申し出に快く応じ、その言葉によって、その場に望みの力を持つハンディを創り出した。それからドゥルガーはバラモンを呼び寄せて言った。「おおバラモンよ! わたしはしばしばお前の哀れな身の上を思っていた。度重なるお前の祈りが、とうとうわたしの憐れみを動かした。これがお前のためのハンディだ。これを逆さにして振れば、このうえなく上等なムドキが絶え間なく降り注ぎ、ハンディをもとの向きに戻すまで止まらない。お前も妻も子らも好きなだけムドキを食べられるし、好きなだけ売ることもできる。」バラモンは、これほど計り知れぬ宝を得て喜びのあまり我を忘れ、女神に礼拝して、ハンディを手に取り、足の速さの限りに家へ向かった。けれども幾ヤードも行かぬうちに、この不思議な器の効き目を試してみようと思い立った。そこでハンディを逆さにして振ると、なんと、これまで見たこともないほど上等なムドキがどっさりと地に落ちた。彼はこの菓子を布に包んで歩きつづけた。もう真昼になっていて、バラモンは腹がへっていた。けれども沐浴と祈りを済ませずには食べられない。道すがら宿屋があり、そこからさほど遠くないところに池があるのを見て、そこで足を止めて水を浴び、祈りを唱えてから、待ち望んだムドキを食べようと思った。バラモンは宿屋の主の店に座り、ハンディをそばに置いて煙草を吸い、体に芥子油を塗り、近くの池へ水浴びに行く前に、ハンディを宿屋の主に預け、くれぐれも大事にしてくれと幾度も頼んだ。
When the Brahman went to his bath and his devotions, the innkeeper thought it strange that he should be so careful as to the safety of his earthen vessel. There must be something valuable in the handi, he thought, otherwise why should the Brahman take so much thought about it? His curiosity being excited he opened the handi, and to his surprise found that it contained nothing. What can be the meaning of this? thought the innkeeper within himself. Why should the Brahman care so much for an empty handi? He took up the vessel, and began to examine it carefully; and when, in the course of examination, he turned the handi upside down, a quantity of the finest mudki fell from it, and went on falling without intermission. The innkeeper called his wife and children to witness this unexpected stroke of good fortune. The showers of the sugared fried paddy were so copious that they filled all the vessels and jars of the innkeeper. He resolved to appropriate to himself this precious handi, and accordingly put in its place another handi of the same size and make. The ablutions and devotions of the Brahman being now over, he came to the shop in wet clothes reciting holy texts of the Vedas. Putting on dry clothes, he wrote on a sheet of paper the name of Durga one hundred and eight times in red ink; after which he broke his fast on the mudki his handi had already given him. Thus refreshed, and being about to resume his journey homewards, he called for his handi, which the innkeeper delivered to him, adding--"There, sir, is your handi; it is just where you put it; no one has touched it." The Brahman, without suspecting anything, took up the handi and proceeded on his journey; and as he walked on, he congratulated himself on his singular good fortune. "How agreeably," he thought within himself, "will my poor wife be surprised! How greedily the children will devour the mudki of heaven's own manufacture! I shall soon become rich, and lift up my head with the best of them all." The pains of travelling were considerably alleviated by these joyful anticipations. He reached his house, and calling his wife and children, said--"Look now at what I have brought. This handi that you see is an unfailing source of wealth and contentment. You will see what a stream of the finest mudki will flow from it when I turn it upside down." The Brahman's good wife, hearing of mudki falling from the handi unceasingly, thought that her husband must have gone mad; and she was confirmed in her opinion when she found that nothing fell from the vessel though it was turned upside down again and again. Overwhelmed with grief, the Brahman concluded that the innkeeper must have played a trick with him; he must have stolen the handi Durga had given him, and put a common one in its stead. He went back the next day to the innkeeper, and charged him with having changed his handi. The innkeeper put on a fit of anger, expressed surprise at the Brahman's impudence in charging him with theft, and drove him away from his shop.
バラモンが水浴びと勤行に行くと、宿屋の主は、あの素焼きの壺の無事をあれほど気にかけるのは妙だと思った。あのハンディには何か値打ちのあるものが入っているにちがいない、でなければバラモンがあれほど気にかけるはずがない、と考えた。好奇心をかき立てられて、彼はハンディを開けてみたが、驚いたことに何も入っていなかった。これはどういうことだろう、と宿屋の主は心のなかで思った。なぜバラモンは空のハンディをあれほど気にかけるのだろう。彼は器を取り上げ、丁寧に調べはじめた。そして調べているうちにハンディを逆さにすると、そこからこのうえなく上等なムドキがどっさりと落ち、止まることなく落ちつづけた。宿屋の主は妻と子を呼んで、この思いがけない幸運を見せた。砂糖をまぶした炒り籾の雨はあまりに豊かに降り、宿屋の主の器も壺もみないっぱいになった。彼はこの貴いハンディを自分のものにしようと心を決め、同じ大きさ同じ作りの別のハンディをその場所に置いた。バラモンの沐浴と勤行が済んで、彼は濡れた衣のままヴェーダの聖なる文句を唱えながら店に戻ってきた。乾いた衣に着替え、紙にドゥルガーの名を赤い墨で百八回書きつけた。それから、ハンディがすでに出してくれたムドキで断食を解いた。こうして元気を取り戻し、家路につこうとして、彼はハンディをくれと言った。宿屋の主はそれを渡してこう言い添えた。「さあ旦那、あなたのハンディです。置かれたとおりの場所にありますよ。誰も触れておりません。」バラモンは何も疑わずにハンディを取って旅を続け、歩きながら、自分の並はずれた幸運を喜んだ。「哀れな妻はどんなに喜んで驚くだろう」と心のなかで思った。「子らは天の作ったムドキをどんなにむさぼり食うだろう。わたしはまもなく富める者となって、誰にも劣らず頭を上げて歩けるようになるのだ。」旅の苦しさも、この喜ばしい先取りでずいぶん和らいだ。家に着くと、妻と子らを呼んで言った。「さあ、わたしが持ってきたものを見てごらん。ここにあるハンディは、尽きることのない富と満ち足りの源だ。逆さにすれば、このうえなく上等なムドキがどれほど流れ出るか、見ているがいい。」バラモンの善良な妻は、ハンディからムドキが絶え間なく落ちると聞いて、夫は気が触れたにちがいないと思った。そして何度逆さにしても器から何も落ちないのを見て、その考えを確かめた。悲しみに打ちひしがれて、バラモンは、あの宿屋の主が自分をだましたにちがいないと結論した。ドゥルガーがくれたハンディを盗んで、ありふれた壺を代わりに置いたのだ、と。翌日、彼は宿屋の主のところへ戻り、ハンディをすり替えたなと責めた。宿屋の主は怒ってみせ、盗人呼ばわりするとは何と無礼なとあきれ返り、彼を店から追い払った。
The Brahman then bethought himself of an interview with the goddess Durga who had given him the handi, and accordingly went to the forest where he had met her. Siva and Durga again favoured the Brahman with an interview. Durga said--"So, you have lost the handi I gave you. Here is another, take it and make good use of it." The Brahman, elated with joy, made obeisance to the divine couple, took up the vessel, and went on his way. He had not gone far when he turned it upside down, and shook it in order to see whether any mudki would fall from it. Horror of horrors! instead of sweetmeats about a score of demons, of gigantic size and grim visage, jumped out of the handi, and began to belabour the astonished Brahman with blows, fisticuffs and kicks. He had the presence of mind to turn up the handi and to cover it, when the demons forthwith disappeared. He concluded that this new handi had been given him only for the punishment of the innkeeper. He accordingly went to the innkeeper, gave him the new handi in charge, begged of him carefully to keep it till he returned from his ablutions and prayers. The innkeeper, delighted with this second godsend, called his wife and children, and said--"This is another handi brought here by the same Brahman who brought the handi of mudki. This time, I hope, it is not mudki but sandesa. [9] Come, be ready with baskets and vessels, and I'll turn the handi upside down and shake it." This was no sooner done than scores of fierce demons started up, who caught hold of the innkeeper and his family and belaboured them mercilessly. They also began upsetting the shop, and would have completely destroyed it, if the victims had not besought the Brahman, who had by this time returned from his ablutions, to show mercy to them and send away the terrible demons. The Brahman acceded to the innkeeper's request, he dismissed the demons by shutting up the vessel; he got the former handi, and with the two handis went to his native village.
そこでバラモンは、ハンディをくれた女神ドゥルガーに会おうと思い立ち、出会ったあの森へ行った。シヴァとドゥルガーはふたたびバラモンに会ってくれた。ドゥルガーは言った。「では、わたしが与えたハンディを失ったのだね。ここにもうひとつある。取って、うまく使うがよい。」バラモンは喜びに舞い上がって神なる夫婦に礼拝し、器を取って道を行った。いくらも行かぬうちに、ムドキが落ちるかどうか見ようとそれを逆さにして振った。ところが、なんという恐ろしさ! 菓子の代わりに、巨大な体と恐ろしい顔をした二十ばかりの魔物がハンディから跳び出してきて、驚くバラモンを殴り、拳で打ち、蹴りはじめた。彼は機転を利かせてハンディを上向きにして蓋をした。すると魔物たちはたちまち消えた。彼は、この新しいハンディは宿屋の主を罰するためだけに与えられたのだと結論した。そこで宿屋の主のところへ行き、新しいハンディを預けて、沐浴と祈りから戻るまで大事に預かってくれと頼んだ。宿屋の主はこの二度目の天の恵みに大喜びで、妻と子を呼んで言った。「これはまた別のハンディだ。ムドキのハンディを持ってきたのと同じバラモンが持ってきたのだ。こんどはムドキではなくサンデシュ[9] だといいがな。さあ、籠と器の用意をしろ。ハンディを逆さにして振ってみせるぞ。」そうするやいなや、獰猛な魔物が何十と跳び起きて、宿屋の主とその家族を捕らえ、情け容赦なく打ちのめした。魔物たちは店をひっくり返しはじめ、もし犠牲になった者たちが、そのころには沐浴から戻っていたバラモンに、どうか憐れんでこの恐ろしい魔物を追い払ってくださいと乞わなければ、店をすっかり壊してしまったであろう。バラモンは宿屋の主の願いを聞き入れ、器を閉じて魔物たちを退けた。そして元のハンディを取り返し、二つのハンディを持って故郷の村へ帰った。
On reaching home the Brahman shut the door of his house, turned the mudki-handi upside down, and shook it; the result was an unceasing stream of the finest mudki that any confectioner in the country could produce. The man, his wife, and their children devoured the sweetmeat to their hearts' content; all the available earthen pots and pans of the house were filled with it; and the Brahman resolved the next day to turn confectioner, to open a shop in his house, and sell mudki. On the very day the shop was opened, the whole village came to the Brahman's house to buy the wonderful mudki. They had never seen such mudki in their life, it was so sweet, so white, so large, so luscious; no confectioner in the village or any town in the country had ever manufactured anything like it. The reputation of the Brahman's mudki extended, in a few days, beyond the bounds of the village, and people came from remote parts to purchase it. Cartloads of the sweetmeat were sold every day, and the Brahman in a short time became very rich. He built a large brick house, and lived like a nobleman of the land. Once, however, his property was about to go to wreck and ruin. His children one day by mistake shook the wrong handi, when a large number of demons dropped down and caught hold of the Brahman's wife and children and were striking them mercilessly, when happily the Brahman came into the house and turned up the handi. In order to prevent a similar catastrophe in future, the Brahman shut up the demon-handi in a private room to which his children had no access.
家に着くとバラモンは戸を閉め、ムドキのハンディを逆さにして振った。すると、この国のどんな菓子屋にも作れぬほど上等なムドキが、絶え間なく流れ出た。彼と妻と子らは心ゆくまでこの菓子をむさぼり、家にある素焼きの壺も鍋もみなそれで満たされた。そしてバラモンは、翌日から菓子屋になって家に店を開き、ムドキを売ろうと心を決めた。店を開いたその日のうちに、村じゅうがバラモンの家へこの不思議なムドキを買いに来た。人々は生涯こんなムドキを見たことがなかった。それほど甘く、白く、大きく、こくがあった。村のどんな菓子屋も、この国のどの町の菓子屋も、これに似たものを作ったことはなかった。バラモンのムドキの評判は数日のうちに村の境を越えて広まり、遠い土地からも人々が買いに来た。毎日、荷車にいっぱいの菓子が売れ、バラモンはまもなくたいそう富んだ。彼は大きな煉瓦の家を建て、この地の貴族のように暮らした。けれども一度、その財産が滅びかけたことがあった。ある日、子らが間違って別のハンディを振ってしまい、大勢の魔物が落ちてきてバラモンの妻と子らを捕らえ、情け容赦なく打ちのめしていたところへ、幸いバラモンが家に入ってきてハンディを上向きにしたのである。この先同じ災いが起こらぬように、バラモンは魔物のハンディを、子らの入れない奥の部屋に閉じ込めた。
Pure and uninterrupted prosperity, however, is not the lot of mortals; and though the demon-handi was put aside, what security was there that an accident might not befall the mudki-handi? One day, during the absence of the Brahman and his wife from the house, the children decided upon shaking the handi; but as each of them wished to enjoy the pleasure of shaking it there was a general struggle to get it, and in the melee the handi fell to the ground and broke. It is needless to say that the Brahman, when on reaching home he heard of the disaster, became inexpressibly sad. The children were of course well cudgelled, but no flogging of children could replace the magical handi. After some days he again went to the forest, and offered many a prayer for Durga's favour. At last Siva and Durga again appeared to him, and heard how the handi had been broken. Durga gave him another handi, accompanied with the following caution--"Brahman, take care of this handi; if you again break it or lose it, I'll not give you another." The Brahman made obeisance, and went away to his house at one stretch without halting anywhere. On reaching home he shut the door of his house, called his wife to him, turned the handi upside down, and began to shake it. They were only expecting mudki to drop from it, but instead of mudki a perennial stream of beautiful sandesa issued from it. And such sandesa! No confectioner of Burra Bazar ever made its like. It was more the food of gods than of men. The Brahman forthwith set up a shop for selling sandesa, the fame of which soon drew crowds of customers from all parts of the country. At all festivals, at all marriage feasts, at all funeral celebrations, at all Pujas, no one bought any other sandesa than the Brahman's. Every day, and every hour, many jars of gigantic size, filled with the delicious sweetmeat, were sent to all parts of the country.
けれども、けがれなく途切れぬ繁栄は人の身の定めではない。魔物のハンディは片づけられたとはいえ、ムドキのハンディに災いが起こらぬという保証がどこにあろう。ある日、バラモンと妻が家を留守にしているあいだに、子らはハンディを振ろうと決めた。けれどもめいめいが振る楽しみを味わいたがったので、奪い合いになり、その揉み合いのうちにハンディは地に落ちて割れてしまった。家に帰ってこの災難を聞いたバラモンが、言葉にならぬほど悲しんだのは言うまでもない。子らはもちろんこっぴどく打たれたが、どれほど子を打とうと、あの魔法のハンディが戻るわけではなかった。幾日かののち、彼はまた森へ行って、ドゥルガーの恵みを求めて幾度も祈った。とうとうシヴァとドゥルガーがまた現れ、ハンディが割れたいきさつを聞いた。ドゥルガーは別のハンディを与えて、こう戒めた。「バラモンよ、このハンディを大事にせよ。もしまた割ったり失ったりすれば、もう与えはせぬ。」バラモンは礼拝して、どこにも寄らずに一気に家へ帰った。家に着くと戸を閉め、妻を呼び、ハンディを逆さにして振りはじめた。二人はムドキが落ちてくるとばかり思っていたが、ムドキの代わりに、美しいサンデシュの流れが絶え間なくあふれ出た。それも、なんというサンデシュ! バラ・バザールのどんな菓子屋も、これに似たものを作ったことはなかった。人の食べ物というより神々の食べ物であった。バラモンはただちにサンデシュを売る店を構え、その評判はまもなく国じゅうから客の群れを呼び寄せた。どんな祭りにも、どんな婚礼の宴にも、どんな葬りの儀式にも、どんなプージャーにも、人々はバラモンのサンデシュ以外を買わなかった。毎日、毎時、この美味な菓子を詰めた巨大な壺がいくつも、国じゅうへ送り出された。
The wealth of the Brahman excited the envy of the Zemindar of the village, who, having heard that the sandesa was not manufactured but dropped from a handi, devised a plan for getting possession of the miraculous vessel. At the celebration of his son's marriage he held a great feast, to which were invited hundreds of people. As many mountain-loads of sandesa would be required for the purpose, the Zemindar proposed that the Brahman should bring the magical handi to the house in which the feast was held. The Brahman at first refused to take it there; but as the Zemindar insisted on its being carried to his own house, he reluctantly consented to take it there. After many Himalayas of sandesa had been shaken out, the handi was taken possession of by the Zemindar, and the Brahman was insulted and driven out of the house. The Brahman, without giving vent to anger in the least, quietly went to his house, and taking the demon-handi in his hand, came back to the door of the Zemindar's house. He turned the handi upside down and shook it, on which a hundred demons started up as from the vasty deep and enacted a scene which it is impossible to describe. The hundreds of guests that had been bidden to the feast were caught hold of by the unearthly visitants and beaten; the women were dragged by their hair from the Zenana and dashed about amongst the men; while the big and burly Zemindar was driven about from room to room like a bale of cotton. If the demons had been allowed to do their will only for a few minutes longer, all the men would have been killed, and the very house razed to the ground. The Zemindar fell prostrate at the feet of the Brahman and begged for mercy. Mercy was shown him, and the demons were removed. After that the Brahman was no more disturbed by the Zemindar or by any one else; and he lived many years in great happiness and enjoyment.
バラモンの富は村のザミーンダール(地主)の妬みをかき立てた。そしてサンデシュは作られたものではなくハンディから落ちてくるのだと聞いて、この奇跡の器を手に入れる策を練った。息子の婚礼の祝いに、彼は数百人を招く大きな宴を催した。そのために山のような量のサンデシュが要るからと、ザミーンダールはバラモンに、あの魔法のハンディを宴の開かれる家へ持ってくるよう申し出た。バラモンは初めそこへ持っていくのを断ったが、ザミーンダールが自分の家へ運べと言い張ったので、しぶしぶ承知した。ヒマラヤほどのサンデシュが振り出されたのち、ハンディはザミーンダールに取り上げられ、バラモンは侮られて家から追い出された。バラモンは少しも怒りを表さず、静かに自分の家へ帰り、魔物のハンディを手に取って、ザミーンダールの家の戸口へ戻ってきた。そしてハンディを逆さにして振った。すると百の魔物が底知れぬ深みからのように跳び起きて、とても言い表せぬ光景を演じた。宴に招かれていた数百の客は、この世のものならぬ訪問者に捕らえられて打たれ、女たちはゼナナ(女部屋)から髪をつかんで引きずり出され、男たちのあいだに投げ出された。そして大きく肥えたザミーンダールは、綿の梱のように部屋から部屋へ追い回された。もし魔物たちがあと数分でも思うままにさせられていたら、男はみな殺され、家そのものも地に均されていたであろう。ザミーンダールはバラモンの足もとに平伏して慈悲を乞うた。慈悲は与えられ、魔物たちは退けられた。それからのちバラモンは、ザミーンダールにもほかの誰にも煩わされることなく、長年のあいだ大きな幸せと楽しみのうちに暮らしたのである。
Thus my story endeth, The Natiya-thorn withereth, etc.
ここでわたしの話はおしまい。ナティヤの棘は枯れゆく、云々。
和訳は claude-opus-5 がこのために作ったもので、原資料ではない(translation_type: AI_GENERATED)。 既存の published 訳を写したものではなく、学術的な定訳でもない。 段落は原文と一対一に対応させてあり、段落数の一致は機械で検査している。和訳は Embedding に入れていない —— 入れると測ったことの数字が汚れるためである。
緊張のうつりかわり
本文を 12 等分し、張りつめた語(死・血・恐れ・剣…)から和らいだ語(祝い・眠り・ 婚礼…)を引いて、話の中で 0〜1 に均したもの。自前の辞書である。翻訳を経た本文を測っているので、これは原話ではなくこの訳の性質である。
出来事の並び(数え上げ)
区画ごとに、コーパス全体の出現率に対して不釣り合いに多く出た引き金語を採っている。 生の回数で採ると、`father`/`mother` を持つ Family がほぼ全区画で勝つ(実測)。
Encounter→Reward→Trial→Trial→Punishment→Return→Departure→Death
似ている民話
多言語 Embedding のコサイン近傍。類似度は歴史的な起源や伝播を証明する値ではない。同じ本の話は文体を共有するぶん必ず似るので、そう分かるよう印を付けてある。
| # | 題名 | 文化圏 | 類似度 | 出典 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Strike but Hear | ベンガル | 0.959 | 同じ本 |
| 2 | The Story of Swet-Basanta | ベンガル | 0.957 | 同じ本 |
| 3 | The Story of the Rakshasas | ベンガル | 0.957 | 同じ本 |
| 4 | The Boy with the Moon on his Forehead | ベンガル | 0.955 | 同じ本 |
| 5 | The Story of Prince Sobur | ベンガル | 0.954 | 同じ本 |
| 6 | The Story of a Brahmadaitya | ベンガル | 0.953 | 同じ本 |
| 7 | Phakir Chand | ベンガル | 0.950 | 同じ本 |
| 8 | The Adventures of Two Thieves and of their Sons | ベンガル | 0.948 | 同じ本 |
| 9 | Rupa and Bisuntha | ヒマラヤ山麓 | 0.947 | 別の本 |
| 10 | The Nikini Story [100] | スリランカ | 0.947 | 別の本 |
| 11 | The Strange Guests | 北米先住民 | 0.946 | 別の本 |
| 12 | The Field of Bones | ベンガル | 0.946 | 同じ本 |
話を刻んで比べた近傍
話を 150 語ずつの窓に切り、話の平均を引いてから窓ごとに比べたときの近傍。 話をまるごと 1 本のベクトルにする上の一覧より、独英グリムの同じ話をよく当てた (測ったこと の H-05)。「筋の順番が似ている」ではない —— 順番をまったく使わない突き合わせでも同じだけ当たったので、 効いているのは刻んで細かく比べていることである。
| # | 題名 | 文化圏 | 類似度 | 出典 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The Magic Palace | ユダヤ(ディアスポラ) | 0.108 | 別の本 |
| 2 | A Legend of Sardana | ヒマラヤ山麓 | 0.090 | 別の本 |
| 3 | The Poor Boy | ルーマニア | 0.085 | 別の本 |
| 4 | The Story of the Drummer and the Alligators | ナイジェリア南部 | 0.085 | 別の本 |
| 5 | Why the Bananas Belong to the Monkey | ブラジル | 0.083 | 別の本 |
| 6 | The Story of a Brahmadaitya | ベンガル | 0.082 | 同じ本 |