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民話をさがすスリランカ

Nagul-munna

スリランカ(Sri Lanka) / 本文の言語 英語 / 原話の言語 si / 出典の刊年 1910 1,076

出典と権利

出典の本Village Folk-Tales of Ceylon, Volume 1
提供Project Gutenberghttps://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/56614
採集・編者Henry Parker
翻訳Henry Parker
刊年の根拠扉に『LONDON LUZAC & CO … 1910』
権利状態Public Domain (United States)(US)/確認日 2026-09-14
地図上の位置緯度 7.9 / 経度 80.7(精度 culture_region)。話の舞台でも採集地でもなく、この本が扱う文化圏のおおよその中心である。

本文

Project Gutenberg の本文から、PG のヘッダ・フッタ・商標文言を除いたもの。段落は原文のままである。

In a village there were two persons called Nagul-Munna and Mun-aeta Guruwa. While those two were living there they spoke together, "Friend, while we two are remaining in this way matters are not going on properly." At the time when they spoke thus, Mun-aeta Guruwa replied to Nagul-Munna's talk, and said, "It is good, friend. If that be so let us two cut a chena."

Having spoken thus, the two persons went to the chena jungle, and there being no watch-hut there, built one; and taking supplies week by week, began to chop down the bushes while they were living at the house in the jungle. Having chopped down the jungle, and burnt it, and sown the chena, the millet plants grew to a very large size.

When the two persons were at the watch-hut they remained talking one night for a long time, and said, "To-morrow we must go to the village to bring back supplies." After talking thus, they went to sleep, both of them.

During the time while they were sleeping, Mun-aeta Guruwa's clothes caught fire. Then Nagul-Munna awoke, and jumped down to the ground, and ran away. Mun-aeta Guruwa was burnt in the shed and died. On account of his being killed, through fear of being charged with causing his death, Nagul-Munna bounded off into the jungle, and did not return to the village.

That day the relatives of those people who were in the village, thinking, "Nagul-Munna and Mun-aeta Guruwa will be coming to fetch supplies," getting ready the supplies, stayed looking for them. On that day the two persons did not come; because they did not come two men went from the village to look for them.

The two having gone and looked, and seen that the watch-hut had been burnt, spoke together concerning it: "Both these men have been burnt and died. Let us go back to the village." So they returned.

Nagul-Munna, who sprang into the jungle that night, having come home during the night of the following day, spoke to his wife, who was in the house. The woman, thinking that he had died, was frightened at his speech, and cried out, "Nagul-Munna has been born as a Yaka, and having come here is doing something to me." At that cry the men of the village came running; when they looked he was not there, having run off through fear of being seized.

In that manner he came on two days. The woman, being afraid, did not open the door. On the third day he arose, and hid himself at the tank near the village. While he was there, a tom-tom beater having gone to a devil-dance, [53] came bringing a bit of cooked rice, and a box containing his mask and decorations. [54]

As he was coming along bringing them, this Nagul-Munna having seen him, went and beat the tom-tom beater, and taking the bit of cooked rice and the box of devil-dancer's things, bounded into the jungle. Having sprung into the jungle, and eaten the bit of rice, he unfastened the box of devil-dancer's goods, and taking the things in it, dressed himself in them, putting the jingling bracelets [55] on his arms and the jingling anklets [56] on his legs.

There was a large mask in it. Taking it, and tying it on his face, he went to the village when it became night, and having gone to a house there, broke the neck of a calf that was tied near it, and sprang into the rice-field near by. Having made a noise by shaking the jingling bracelets, and given three cries, "Hu, Hu, Hu," he shouted, "If you do not give a leaf-cup of rice and a young coconut at dawn, and at night a leaf-cup of rice and a young coconut, I will kill all the cattle and men that are in your village, and having drunk their blood, go away."

The men of the village becoming afraid on account of it, began to give rice every day in the way he said. Having given it for about four or five years in this manner, the men spoke together, "Let us fetch a sooth-sayer to seize that Yaka." After having said concerning it, "It is good," they fetched a doctor (Veda).

When the doctor went to the tank to catch that Yaka, Nagul-Munna came, and seizing that doctor, cut his bathing cloth, and having taken him to the place where he was staying, killed him, and trampled on his bathing cloth. Through the seizing and killing of the doctor, the men of the village became afraid to a still greater degree.

After that, having talked about bringing another sooth-sayer they fetched one. In the same manner, when he went to the tank the Yaka killed the sooth-sayer. At that deed the men of the village became more afraid still.

Having fetched a Sannyasi (a Hindu religious mendicant) from Jaffna, they went to him, and told him to seize the Yaka. That man said, "It is good"; and having gone to the aforesaid tank to look for him, the Yaka was in a tree. So the sooth-sayer repeated incantations to cause the Yaka to descend. The Yaka did not descend.

After that, because he did not descend, that person got to know that he was a man, and on his calling "Hu," to the men of the village the men came. Afterwards, seizing Nagul-Munna, who was in the tree, they went to the village.

Because Mun-aeta Guruwa had died, the relatives of Mun-aeta Guruwa came for their [legal] action against him.

Saying that he had cheated them, and eaten food wrongly obtained from them, the men of the village came for their action.

Because he had stolen the rice and the box with tom-tom beater's things in it, the tom-tom beater came for his action.

Saying that he killed the first sooth-sayer, his people came for their action.

The second sooth-sayer's people also in the same way came for their action.

For his killing the calf the owner came for his action.

After all who had brought these actions had came to one spot, the man, saying, "Because my wife told me to cut the chena together with Mun-aeta Guruwa, and through my cutting the chena with him, this happened," killed his own wife.

Then, while he was going for his trial a bear bit that man on the way, and he died.

本に付いていた註

North-western Province.



In The Orientalist, vol. iii, p. 31, there is a nearly similar
story of a tom-tom beater who was supposed to be burnt in his watch
hut. In reality, it was a beggar who was burnt. The man being afraid
of being charged with murdering him, got hid in the jungle. He came
to his house at night, but was supposed to be the Mala upan Yaka,
"the evil spirit born from the dead," and was refused admittance
by his wife, who gave an alarm. As men were coming on hearing it,
he ran off. On another night when he came, his wife assailed him with
a volley of invectives, as demon-scarers; so carrying off his dancing
paraphernalia, he again retired, and afterwards robbed travellers, and
frightened the people till they threatened to leave the district. The
King offered a handsome reward for his apprehension, but he tied up
a Kattadiya or devil priest who came to exorcise him. In the end he
was captured by a Buddhist monk, taken before the King, and after
relating his adventures, appears to have been allowed to go unpunished.

In the Jataka story No. 257 (vol. ii, p. 209), there is an account
of four actions brought against one man on the same day. It is a
folk-tale in Ceylon also.

緊張のうつりかわり

本文を 12 等分し、張りつめた語(死・血・恐れ・剣…)から和らいだ語(祝い・眠り・ 婚礼…)を引いて、話の中で 0〜1 に均したもの。自前の辞書である。翻訳を経た本文を測っているので、これは原話ではなくこの訳の性質である。

00.510%25%50%75%100%0% 地点 / 緊張度 09% 地点 / 緊張度 018% 地点 / 緊張度 127% 地点 / 緊張度 0.536% 地点 / 緊張度 0.7546% 地点 / 緊張度 055% 地点 / 緊張度 064% 地点 / 緊張度 0.7573% 地点 / 緊張度 0.582% 地点 / 緊張度 091% 地点 / 緊張度 0.25100% 地点 / 緊張度 0.688TrialEscapeReturnBirthTransformationDeathDeath話の進行 →
縦は緊張度(この話の中での相対値。話をまたいで比べられる量ではない)、横は本文の進行。 上端の小さな字は、その区画で不釣り合いに多く出た出来事語である。

出来事の並び(数え上げ)

区画ごとに、コーパス全体の出現率に対して不釣り合いに多く出た引き金語を採っている。 生の回数で採ると、`father`/`mother` を持つ Family がほぼ全区画で勝つ(実測)。

TrialEscapeReturnBirthTransformationDeathDeath

似ている民話

多言語 Embedding のコサイン近傍。類似度は歴史的な起源や伝播を証明する値ではない。同じ本の話は文体を共有するぶん必ず似るので、そう分かるよう印を付けてある。

#題名文化圏類似度出典
1Kurulu-gama Appu, the Sooth-sayerスリランカ0.948同じ本
2The Nikini Story [100]スリランカ0.947同じ本
3Strike but Hearベンガル0.947別の本
4Rupa and Bisunthaヒマラヤ山麓0.947別の本
5The Adventures of Two Thieves and of their Sonsベンガル0.946別の本
6The Boy with the Moon on his Foreheadベンガル0.946別の本
7Tamarind Tikkaスリランカ0.945同じ本
8The Story of Prince Soburベンガル0.944別の本
9The Prince and the Yakaスリランカ0.944同じ本
10The Story of the Rakshasasベンガル0.944別の本
11The Seven Princessesスリランカ0.944同じ本
12The White Turtleスリランカ0.944同じ本

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