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民話をさがす / スリランカ

The Four Deaf Persons

スリランカ(Sri Lanka) / 本文の言語 英語 / 原話の言語 si / 出典の刊年 1910 / 469 語

出典と権利

出典の本Village Folk-Tales of Ceylon, Volume 1
提供Project Gutenberg / https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/56614
採集・編者Henry Parker
翻訳Henry Parker
刊年の根拠扉に『LONDON LUZAC & CO … 1910』
権利状態Public Domain (United States)(US)/確認日 2026-09-14
地図上の位置緯度 7.9 / 経度 80.7(精度 culture_region)。話の舞台でも採集地でもなく、この本が扱う文化圏のおおよその中心である。

本文 ・ 和訳対照

Project Gutenberg の本文から、PG のヘッダ・フッタ・商標文言を除いたもの。段落は原文のままである。

左=原文(原資料)右=和訳(AI が作ったもの)

In a certain city there were a woman and a man, it is said. Both of them were deaf. A female child was born to that man, and this child was also deaf. The man to whom she was given in marriage when she grew up was also deaf.

ある都に女と男がいたという。二人とも耳が聞こえなかった。その男に女の子が生まれ、この子もまた耳が聞こえなかった。娘が育って嫁いだ相手の男も、耳が聞こえなかった。

The girl's husband went to plough a rice field at the side of the high road. While he was ploughing, a man who was going along the road asked the way. Continuing to plough with the yoke of bulls, the deaf man said, "I brought this bull from the village. This other bull is from father-in-law's herd."

娘の夫は、街道のわきの田を鋤きに行った。鋤いていると、道を行く男が道を尋ねた。牛のくびきで鋤きつづけながら、耳の聞こえない男は言った。「この牛は村から連れてきた。こっちの牛は舅の群れのものだ」

"What are the facts about the bulls to me? Tell me the way," the man said.

「牛のことなど、わたしに何の関わりがある。道を教えてくれ」と男は言った。

The deaf man replied, "The bull is from my herd."

耳の聞こえない男は答えた。「この牛はわたしの群れのものだ」

The man said again, "What are the facts about the bulls to me? Tell me the way."

男はまた言った。「牛のことなど、わたしに何の関わりがある。道を教えてくれ」

Then the deaf man, replying, "Don't say that another time," beat the man with the goad, and the man having received the blows went away.

すると耳の聞こえない男は「二度とそんなことを言うな」と答えて、突き棒で男を打ち、男は打たれて去っていった。

Afterwards, the deaf man's wife having brought cooked rice to the field, he unfastened the cattle which had been ploughing, and while he was eating said to the woman, "A man came just now, and saying, 'Whose is the yoke of bulls?' quarrelled with me about them."

そのあと、耳の聞こえない男の妻が炊いた飯を田へ持ってきたので、男は鋤いていた牛をほどき、食べながら女に言った。「さっき男が来て、『この牛は誰のものだ』と言って、わたしと言い争ったのだ」

The woman replied, "Through seeking firewood and water and vegetables, and cooking, I was a little late in the day in coming."

女は答えた。「薪と水と野菜を探して、煮炊きをしていたので、今日は来るのが少し遅くなったのです」

Having quarrelled with him over it, she bounded off, and having gone home, went to the place where her mother was plaiting a mat, and said to her, "Mother, our house man quarrelled with me, saying that I was late in taking the rice."

そしてそのことで言い争って、女は跳ねるように去り、家へ帰って、母が莚を編んでいるところへ行って言った。「母さん、うちの人が、飯を持っていくのが遅いと言ってわたしと言い争ったのよ」

The woman said, "Marry thy father! What is it to thee whether my works are good or not good now?" and she quarrelled with her.

母は言った。「おまえの父さんと夫婦になれ! いまさらわたしの仕事がよかろうと悪かろうと、おまえに何の関わりがある?」 そして娘と言い争った。

The woman having gone to the place where her husband was watching a sweet-potato chena during the day time, on account of thieves uprooting the plants, said, "To-day my daughter having taken cooked rice to the field, and having given it and returned, quarrelled with me, saying that the plaiting of my mat was bad. I also indeed scolded her a great deal, saying, 'What is it to thee whether my works are good or not good now?' I have come to tell you about it."

母は、盗人が苗を引き抜くので昼のあいだ甘藷の焼畑を見張っている夫のところへ行って言った。「今日、娘が田へ炊いた飯を持っていって、渡して帰ってきてから、わたしの莚の編み方が悪いと言ってわたしと言い争ったのですよ。わたしも『いまさらわたしの仕事がよかろうと悪かろうと、おまえに何の関わりがある』と言ってさんざん叱ってやりました。それをお話しに来たのです」

Then the man said, "Bola, you infamous woman! Because I stopped in the chena you cooked and ate three sweet-potatoes, did you?" and he beat and drove away the woman.

すると男は言った。「ボラ、この不届きな女め! わしが焼畑に留まっているあいだに、甘藷を三つ煮て食ったな?」 そして女を打って追い払った。

Then saying that it was useless to go on with the chena when his wife was eating the crop, he cut the fence, and abandoned it to the cattle. And the man left the village and the district, and went away.

そして、女房が作物を食べてしまうのでは焼畑を続けても甲斐がないと言って、男は垣を切って畑を牛にまかせてしまった。そして男は村も土地も捨てて去っていった。

和訳は claude-opus-5 がこのために作ったもので、原資料ではない(translation_type: AI_GENERATED)。 既存の published 訳を写したものではなく、学術的な定訳でもない。 段落は原文と一対一に対応させてあり、段落数の一致は機械で検査している。和訳は Embedding に入れていない —— 入れると測ったことの数字が汚れるためである。

本に付いていた註

North-western Province.



The quarrels of deaf persons through misunderstanding each other's
remarks form a common subject of folk-tales. The mistakes of three
deaf people are related in Folklore in Southern India (Natesa Sastri),
p. 3 ff., and Tales of the Sun (Kingscote and N. Sastri), p. 1 ff.

The Abbé Dubois published another amusing South Indian variant,
which recounted the mistakes of four deaf men (le Pantcha-Tantra,
1872, p. 339 ff.). The four persons in it were a shepherd, a
village watchman, a traveller who was riding a stolen horse, and
a Brahmana. The shepherd requested the watchman to look after his
flock during his temporary absence. In reply the latter refused to
let him have the grass that he had cut. On the shepherd's return,
he offered him a lame lamb as a reward for the trouble he thought
the man had taken, but the watchman fancied he was being accused of
laming it. They stopped a horseman who was riding past, and asked him
to decide their quarrel. In reply, he admitted that the horse was not
his. Each thought the decision was against him, and cursed him for it;
and while the quarrel was at its height they referred it to a Brahmana
who came up, who replied that it was useless for them to stop him,
as he was determined never to return to his wicked wife. "In the crew
of devils I defy any one to find one who equals her in wickedness,"
he said. The horse-thief, observing men coming in the distance,
made off on foot, the shepherd returned to his flock, the watchman,
seeing the lamb left, took it home in order to punish the shepherd
for his false charge, and the Brahmana stayed at a rest-house, and
went home again next day.

In the Contes Soudanais (W. Africa), by C. Monteil, p. 18 ff.,
there is a story which resembles both this South Indian one and the
Sinhalese one, in part. A shepherd in search of a lost sheep asked
a cultivator about it. He replied, "My field begins before me and
ends behind me." The shepherd found the sheep, and offered it to the
cultivator in payment for quarters for the night. The latter thought
he was being charged with stealing it, and took him before a village
headman, who remarked, "Still another story about women! Truly this
can't continue; I shall leave the village." When he told his wife
to accompany him, she said she would never live with a man who was
always talking of divorcing her.

緊張のうつりかわり

本文を 12 等分し、張りつめた語(死・血・恐れ・剣…)から和らいだ語(祝い・眠り・ 婚礼…)を引いて、話の中で 0〜1 に均したもの。自前の辞書である。翻訳を経た本文を測っているので、これは原話ではなくこの訳の性質である。

00.510%25%50%75%100%0% 地点 / 緊張度 09% 地点 / 緊張度 018% 地点 / 緊張度 027% 地点 / 緊張度 036% 地点 / 緊張度 046% 地点 / 緊張度 055% 地点 / 緊張度 064% 地点 / 緊張度 073% 地点 / 緊張度 082% 地点 / 緊張度 091% 地点 / 緊張度 0100% 地点 / 緊張度 0BirthJourneyFamilyDepartureConflictConflictConflictConflictDeparture話の進行 →
縦は緊張度(この話の中での相対値。話をまたいで比べられる量ではない)、横は本文の進行。 上端の小さな字は、その区画で不釣り合いに多く出た出来事語である。

出来事の並び(数え上げ)

区画ごとに、コーパス全体の出現率に対して不釣り合いに多く出た引き金語を採っている。 生の回数で採ると、`father`/`mother` を持つ Family がほぼ全区画で勝つ(実測)。

Birth→Journey→Family→Departure→Conflict→Conflict→Conflict→Conflict→Departure

似ている民話

多言語 Embedding のコサイン近傍。類似度は歴史的な起源や伝播を証明する値ではない。同じ本の話は文体を共有するぶん必ず似るので、そう分かるよう印を付けてある。

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