世界民話AIアトラスWorld Folktale Atlas AI | 33 冊 1225 話 | 出典と権利を一件ずつ確かめた

民話をさがす / スリランカ

Concerning a Monk and a Yaka

スリランカ(Sri Lanka) / 本文の言語 英語 / 原話の言語 si / 出典の刊年 1910 / 358 語

出典と権利

出典の本Village Folk-Tales of Ceylon, Volume 1
提供Project Gutenberg / https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/56614
採集・編者Henry Parker
翻訳Henry Parker
刊年の根拠扉に『LONDON LUZAC & CO … 1910』
権利状態Public Domain (United States)(US)/確認日 2026-09-14
地図上の位置緯度 7.9 / 経度 80.7(精度 culture_region)。話の舞台でも採集地でもなく、この本が扱う文化圏のおおよその中心である。

本文 ・ 和訳対照

Project Gutenberg の本文から、PG のヘッダ・フッタ・商標文言を除いたもの。段落は原文のままである。

左=原文(原資料)右=和訳(AI が作ったもの)

A monk, tying a Yaka [by magical spells] gets work from him. For seven years he got work. Then the time having come for the Yaka to go, the Yaka every day having gone near the monk says, "Monk, tell me a work [to do]."

ある僧が〔呪文で〕ヤカー(鬼神)を縛って、働かせていた。七年のあいだ働かせた。やがてヤカーの去る時が来て、ヤカーは毎日、僧のところへ来ては言う。「僧よ、わたしに仕事を言いつけてくれ」

The monk said one day, "In Galgamuwa tank there will be seven islands. Having gone there and planed them down, come back." After that, the Yaka having gone and planed the tank, and having very quickly come, said at the hand of the monk, "Monk, tell me a work."

ある日、僧は言った。「ガルガムワの溜池に島が七つある。そこへ行って削り平らげて帰ってこい」。するとヤカーは行って溜池を削り、たちまち戻ってきて、僧に向かって言った。「僧よ、仕事を言いつけてくれ」

Then the monk said, "Having cut a well of seven fathoms, and having cut a Damunu [147] tree, and removed the splinters, and put it down to the bottom of a well, and tied a creeper noose to the Damunu stick, you are to draw it up [from inside the well] to the ground."

そこで僧は言った。「七尋の井戸を掘れ。それからダムヌ [147] の木を切って、ささくれを取り除き、井戸の底に入れて、そのダムヌの棒に蔓の輪を結びつけ、〔井戸のなかから〕地上へ引き上げるのだ」

Afterwards the Yaka having cut a well of seven fathoms, and cut a Damunu tree, and removed the bark from it, and tied a creeper noose to it, and put the Damunu stick to the bottom of the well, the Yaka sitting on the ground holding the creeper noose tried to draw it out. He could not draw it. When he was drawing it, because there was slime on the Damunu stick he was unable to draw it out.

そこでヤカーは七尋の井戸を掘り、ダムヌの木を切って皮を剥ぎ、蔓の輪を結びつけ、そのダムヌの棒を井戸の底に入れ、地上に坐って蔓の輪を握り、引き上げようとした。だが引き上げられない。引こうとしても、ダムヌの棒には粘りがあって、引き上げることができなかった。

On account of the time during which the Yaka had been delayed near the well, the monk being afraid of the Yaka, the monk went backwards and backwards for three gawwas (twelve miles). The Yaka having pushed against the monk for so much time, and having got a bill-hook also, on the road he drove him (the monk) away. Having gone there [afterwards] to kill the monk, he met with the monk. After that, the Yaka threw the bill-hook, so that having cut the monk with it he would die. After he had thrown it, the bill-hook was behind, [148] and the monk was in front [of it]. On account of that, the name [of the place] there became Kaettaepahuwa [a village twenty-one miles from Kurunaegala, on the road to Anuradhapura].

ヤカーが井戸のそばで手間取っているあいだに、僧はヤカーを恐れて、うしろへうしろへと三ガッワ(十二マイル)も退いた。ヤカーはそれだけの時を僧に押しかかり、鉈をも手に入れて、道で僧を追い立てた。そして〔そのあと〕僧を殺しにそこへ行って、僧に出会った。そこでヤカーは、それで僧を斬って死なせようと、鉈を投げた。投げると、鉈はうしろに [148]、僧は〔その〕前にいた。そのために、そこの〔地の〕名はカエッタエパフワとなった〔クルナエガラからアヌラーダプラへの道にある、二十一マイル離れた村〕。

和訳は claude-opus-5 がこのために作ったもので、原資料ではない(translation_type: AI_GENERATED)。 既存の published 訳を写したものではなく、学術的な定訳でもない。 段落は原文と一対一に対応させてあり、段落数の一致は機械で検査している。和訳は Embedding に入れていない —— 入れると測ったことの数字が汚れるためである。

本に付いていた註

Kinnara. North-western Province.



This story is known throughout the district to the north of
Kurunaegala. The explanation of the Damunu tree incident which was
given to me is that the monk, being unable to find enough work for
the Yaka, gave him this task as one that would provide occupation for
him for a long time. When the bark is freshly removed, the Damunu
sticks are extremely slippery. The creeper was tied at one end in
a ring which was passed over the smooth stem of the tree. When the
Yaka endeavoured to raise the tree by pulling at the creeper, the
ring slipped up the stem instead of raising the tree.



Elsewhere in the same district I heard of another man, a villager,
who had mastered a Yaksani (female Yaka), and who made her perform work
for him. In appearance she was an ordinary female, and the man's wife
was unaware of her true character, as he had not informed her of it,
being afraid of alarming her. The man kept the Yaksani under control
by means of a magic iron nail, which he had driven in the crown of
her head. One day during his absence she went to her mistress, and
told her that a thorn had run into her head while she was carrying
firewood on it, and that she was unable to draw it out. The woman
extracted the nail for her, and the Yaksani, being then free, killed
the family, and escaped.



In Folk-Lore of Southern India (Natesa Sastri), p. 272--Tales of
the Sun, p. 285--there is a story of a landowner who learnt an
incantation by means of which he summoned a Brahma-Rakshasa, who
became his servant, at the same time informing him that if he failed
to provide work the Rakshasa would kill him. Everything he could think
of was done in an incredibly short time--tank repaired and deepened,
lands all cultivated--and there being nothing more to be done the wife
gave the demon a hair of her head to straighten. He failed to do it,
but remembering that goldsmiths heated wires when about to straighten
them, he placed the hair on a fire, which burnt it up. He was afraid
to face his mistress after it, so he ran away.

Regarding the thorn in the demon's head, see No. 20.

緊張のうつりかわり

本文を 12 等分し、張りつめた語(死・血・恐れ・剣…)から和らいだ語(祝い・眠り・ 婚礼…)を引いて、話の中で 0〜1 に均したもの。自前の辞書である。翻訳を経た本文を測っているので、これは原話ではなくこの訳の性質である。

00.510%25%50%75%100%0% 地点 / 緊張度 09% 地点 / 緊張度 018% 地点 / 緊張度 027% 地点 / 緊張度 036% 地点 / 緊張度 046% 地点 / 緊張度 055% 地点 / 緊張度 064% 地点 / 緊張度 073% 地点 / 緊張度 182% 地点 / 緊張度 091% 地点 / 緊張度 1100% 地点 / 緊張度 0JourneyEncounterJourney話の進行 →
縦は緊張度(この話の中での相対値。話をまたいで比べられる量ではない)、横は本文の進行。 上端の小さな字は、その区画で不釣り合いに多く出た出来事語である。

出来事の並び(数え上げ)

区画ごとに、コーパス全体の出現率に対して不釣り合いに多く出た引き金語を採っている。 生の回数で採ると、`father`/`mother` を持つ Family がほぼ全区画で勝つ(実測)。

Journey→Encounter→Journey

似ている民話

多言語 Embedding のコサイン近傍。類似度は歴史的な起源や伝播を証明する値ではない。同じ本の話は文体を共有するぶん必ず似るので、そう分かるよう印を付けてある。

#題名文化圏類似度出典
1The Prince and the Yakaスリランカ0.926同じ本
2Aponibolinayenフィリピン0.920別の本
3Stories of the Menehunes: Hawaii the Original Home of the Browniesハワイ0.920別の本
4Nagul-munnaスリランカ0.919同じ本
5Kaliuwaa: Scene of the Demigod Kamapuaa's Escape from Olopanaハワイ0.919別の本
6The Seven Princessesスリランカ0.918同じ本
7Mongan’s Frenzyアイルランド0.918別の本
8Lonopuha; Or, Origin of the Art of Healing in Hawaiiハワイ0.918別の本
9Strike but Hearベンガル0.918別の本
10The Kule-baka Flowersスリランカ0.916同じ本
11The Man who wished to be Perfectベンガル0.916別の本
12Tamarind Tikkaスリランカ0.916同じ本

この話を並べて読む →