民話をさがす / アイヌ
An Inquisitive Man's Experience of Hades
アイヌ(Japan) / 本文の言語 英語 / 原話の言語 ain / 出典の刊年 1888 / 412 語
出典と権利
| 出典の本 | Aino Folk-Tales |
|---|---|
| 提供 | Project Gutenberg / https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/29287 |
| 採集・編者 | Basil Hall Chamberlain |
| 翻訳 | Basil Hall Chamberlain |
| 刊年の根拠 | 扉に『Privately Printed for the Folk-Lore Society. 1888.』 |
| 権利状態 | Public Domain (United States)(US)/確認日 2026-09-14 |
| 地図上の位置 | 緯度 43.3 / 経度 142.6(精度 culture_region)。話の舞台でも採集地でもなく、この本が扱う文化圏のおおよその中心である。 |
本文
Project Gutenberg の本文から、PG のヘッダ・フッタ・商標文言を除いたもの。段落は原文のままである。
Three generations before my time there lived an Aino who wished to find out whether the stories told about the existence of an under-world were true. So one day he penetrated into an immense cavern (since washed away by the waves) at the river-mouth of Sarubutsu. All was dark in front, all was dark behind. But at last there was a glimmer of light a-head. The man went on, and soon emerged into Hades. There were trees, and villages, and rivers, and the sea, and large junks loading fish and seaweed. Some of the people were Ainos, some were Japanese, just as in the every-day world. Among the number were some whom he had known when they were alive. But, though he saw them, they,--strange to say,--did not seem to see him. Indeed he was invisible to all, excepting to the dogs; for dogs see everything, even spirits, and the dogs of Hades barked at him fiercely. Hereupon the people of the place, judging that some evil spirit had come among them, threw him dirty food, such as evil spirits eat, in order, as they thought, to appease him. Of course he was disgusted, and flung the filthy fish-bones and soiled rice away But every time that he did so the stuff immediately returned to the pocket in his bosom, so that he was greatly distressed.
At last, entering a fine-looking house near the beach, he found his father and mother,--not old, as they were when they died, but in the heyday of youth and strength. He called to his mother, but she ran away trembling. He clasped his father by the hand, and said: "Father! don't you know me? can't you see me? I am your son." But his father fell yelling to the ground. So he stood aloof again, and watched how his parents and the other people in the house set up the divine symbols, and prayed in order to make the evil spirit depart.
In his despair at being unrecognized he did depart, with the unclean offerings that had been made to him still sticking to his person, notwithstanding his endeavours to get rid of them. It was only when, after passing back through the cavern, he had emerged once more into the world of men, that they left him free from their pollution. He returned home, and never wished to visit Hades again. It is a foul place.--(Written down from memory. Told by Ishanashte, 22nd July, 1886.)
緊張のうつりかわり
本文を 12 等分し、張りつめた語(死・血・恐れ・剣…)から和らいだ語(祝い・眠り・ 婚礼…)を引いて、話の中で 0〜1 に均したもの。自前の辞書である。翻訳を経た本文を測っているので、これは原話ではなくこの訳の性質である。
出来事の並び(数え上げ)
区画ごとに、コーパス全体の出現率に対して不釣り合いに多く出た引き金語を採っている。 生の回数で採ると、`father`/`mother` を持つ Family がほぼ全区画で勝つ(実測)。
Return→Escape→Family→Return
似ている民話
多言語 Embedding のコサイン近傍。類似度は歴史的な起源や伝播を証明する値ではない。同じ本の話は文体を共有するぶん必ず似るので、そう分かるよう印を付けてある。
| # | 題名 | 文化圏 | 類似度 | 出典 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The God of the City | 中国 | 0.935 | 別の本 |
| 2 | The Home of the Fairies | 朝鮮半島 | 0.932 | 別の本 |
| 3 | The Wood Sprite | ロシア | 0.929 | 別の本 |
| 4 | The Legend of O-na-wut-a-qut-o | 北米先住民 | 0.928 | 別の本 |
| 5 | The Touch of Clay | ウェールズ | 0.928 | 別の本 |
| 6 | Hiku and Kawelu | ハワイ | 0.927 | 別の本 |
| 7 | Hong's Experiences in Hades | 朝鮮半島 | 0.927 | 別の本 |
| 8 | The Hunter in Hades | アイヌ | 0.927 | 同じ本 |
| 9 | The Sleep of One Hundred Years | ユダヤ(ディアスポラ) | 0.926 | 別の本 |
| 10 | The Treasure Stone of the Fairies | ウェールズ | 0.926 | 別の本 |
| 11 | The Mirror of Matsuyama a Story of Old Japan | 日本 | 0.926 | 別の本 |
| 12 | The Story of Tuan Mac Cairill | アイルランド | 0.925 | 別の本 |