民話をさがす / 西アフリカ(ゴールドコースト)
Why White Ants Always Harm Man’s Property
西アフリカ(ゴールドコースト)(Ghana) / 本文の言語 英語 / 原話の言語 不明 / 刊年の刻みなし / 731 語
出典と権利
| 出典の本 | West African Folk-Tales |
|---|---|
| 提供 | Project Gutenberg / https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/66923 |
| 採集・編者 | W. H. Barker; Cecilia Sinclair |
| 刊年の根拠 | この電子版は版年を刻んでいない。註が 1914 年の統計に触れるので、それ以降の刊行である |
| 権利状態 | Public Domain (United States)(US)/確認日 2026-09-08 |
| 地図上の位置 | 緯度 7.9 / 経度 -1(精度 culture_region)。話の舞台でも採集地でもなく、この本が扱う文化圏のおおよその中心である。 |
本文
Project Gutenberg の本文から、PG のヘッダ・フッタ・商標文言を除いたもの。段落は原文のままである。
There came once such a terrible famine in the land that a grain of corn was worth far more than its weight in gold. A hungry spider was wandering through the forest looking for food. To his great joy he found a dead antelope.
Knowing that he would not be allowed to reach home in safety with it, he wrapped it up very carefully in a long mat and bound it securely.
Placing it on his head, he started for home. As he went, he wept bitterly, telling every one that this was his dead grandfather’s body. Every one he met sympathized heartily with him.
On his way he met the wolf and the leopard. These two wise animals suspected that this was one of Spider’s tricks. They knew that he was not to be trusted. Walking on a little way, they discussed what they could do to find out what was in the bundle.
They agreed to take a short cut across the country to a tree which they knew Cousin Spider must pass. When they reached this tree they hid themselves very carefully behind it and waited for him.
As he passed the place they shook the tree and uttered frightful noises. This so frightened Mr Spider that he dropped his load and ran away.
The two gentlemen opened the bundle and, to their great joy, discovered the flesh of the antelope in it. They carried it off to their own home and began to prepare supper.
When Mr Spider recovered from his fear he began to wonder who could have been at the tree to make the noises. He decided that his enemies must be Wolf and Leopard. He made up his mind he would get his meat back from them.
He took a small lizard and filed his teeth to fine, sharp points. He then sent him to spy upon the wolf and leopard—by begging fire from them. He was to get the fire and quench it as soon as he left their cottage. He could then return and ask a second time. If they asked him questions, he must smile and show his teeth.
The lizard did as he was told, and everything turned out just as Spider had expected. Wolf and Leopard eagerly asked the lizard where he had had his teeth filed so beautifully. He replied that “Filing Spider” had done it for him.
Wolf and Leopard discussed the matter and decided to have their teeth filed in the same way. They could then easily break the bones of their food.
Accordingly, they went to the house of the disguised spider and asked him to make their teeth like Lizard’s. Spider agreed, but said that, to do it properly, he would first have to hang them on a tree. They made no objection to this.
When he had them safely hung, Spider and his family came and mocked them. Spider then went to their cottage and brought away the body of the antelope. The whole village was invited to the feast, which was held in front of the two poor animals on the tree. During this festival every one made fun of the wolf and leopard.
Next morning White Ant and his children passed the place on their way to some friends. Mr Leopard begged them to set him and his friend free. White Ant and his family set to work, destroyed the tree and set them at liberty. Leopard and Wolf promised the ants that on their return they would spread a feast for them.
Unfortunately, Spider heard the invitation and made up his mind to benefit by it. On the third day (which was the very time set by the wolf and leopard) Spider dressed up his children like the ants. They set out, singing the ants’ chorus, in order to deceive Leopard.
Wolf and Leopard welcomed them heartily and spread a splendid feast for them, which the spiders thoroughly enjoyed.
Soon after their departure the real ants arrived. The two hosts, thinking these must be Spider and his family, poured boiling water over them and killed them all except the father.
White Ant, on reaching home again, in great anger, vowed that he would never again help any one. He would take every opportunity to harm property. From that day to this white ants have been a perfect pest to man.
緊張のうつりかわり
本文を 12 等分し、張りつめた語(死・血・恐れ・剣…)から和らいだ語(祝い・眠り・ 婚礼…)を引いて、話の中で 0〜1 に均したもの。自前の辞書である。翻訳を経た本文を測っているので、これは原話ではなくこの訳の性質である。
出来事の並び(数え上げ)
区画ごとに、コーパス全体の出現率に対して不釣り合いに多く出た引き金語を採っている。 生の回数で採ると、`father`/`mother` を持つ Family がほぼ全区画で勝つ(実測)。
Encounter→Encounter→Trial→Escape→Trial→Trial→Departure→Death
似ている民話
多言語 Embedding のコサイン近傍。類似度は歴史的な起源や伝播を証明する値ではない。同じ本の話は文体を共有するぶん必ず似るので、そう分かるよう印を付けてある。
| # | 題名 | 文化圏 | 類似度 | 出典 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To Lose an Elephant for the Sake of a Wren Is a Very Foolish Thing to Do | 西アフリカ(ゴールドコースト) | 0.934 | 同じ本 |
| 2 | Mother's Darling Jack | ルーマニア | 0.930 | 別の本 |
| 3 | How Mushrooms First Grew | 西アフリカ(ゴールドコースト) | 0.930 | 同じ本 |
| 4 | Quarcoo Bah-boni | 西アフリカ(ゴールドコースト) | 0.928 | 同じ本 |
| 5 | The Story of the Leopard, the Tortoise, and the Bush Rat | ナイジェリア南部 | 0.927 | 別の本 |
| 6 | The Grinding-stone That Ground Flour by Itself | 西アフリカ(ゴールドコースト) | 0.927 | 同じ本 |
| 7 | Even a Grass Plant Can Become Someone If It Tries | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.925 | 別の本 |
| 8 | How the Tiger Got His Stripes | ブラジル | 0.925 | 別の本 |
| 9 | The Wolf and the Seven Little Kids | ドイツ語圏 | 0.925 | 別の本 |
| 10 | Little Wild-rose | ルーマニア | 0.925 | 別の本 |
| 11 | The Great Red Dragon of Wales | ウェールズ | 0.924 | 別の本 |
| 12 | Big Peter and Little Peter | ノルウェー | 0.923 | 別の本 |