民話をさがす / ベーリング海峡(アラスカ)
The First Woman
ベーリング海峡(アラスカ)(United States) / 本文の言語 英語 / 原話の言語 esx / 出典の刊年 1922 / 779 語
出典と権利
| 出典の本 | A Treasury of Eskimo Tales |
|---|---|
| 提供 | Project Gutenberg / https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/24569 |
| 採集・編者 | Clara Kern Bayliss |
| 刊年の根拠 | 扉の裏に『COPYRIGHT, 1922, By THOMAS Y. CROWELL COMPANY』 |
| 権利状態 | Public Domain (United States)(US)/確認日 2026-09-14 |
| 地図上の位置 | 緯度 64.5 / 経度 -164(精度 culture_region)。話の舞台でも採集地でもなく、この本が扱う文化圏のおおよその中心である。 |
本文
Project Gutenberg の本文から、PG のヘッダ・フッタ・商標文言を除いたもの。段落は原文のままである。
"You will be very lonely by yourself," said Raven to Man one day. "I will make you a companion."
He went to a spot some distance from where he had made the animals, and, looking now and then at Man as an artist looks at his model, he made an image very much like Man. He took from the creek some fine water grass and fastened it on the back of the head for hair. After the image had dried in his hands, he waved his wings over it as he had done with all the live things, and it came to life and stood beside Man, a beautiful young woman.
"There is a companion for you!" cried Raven. "Now come with me to this knoll over here."
In those days there were no mountains far or near, and the sun never ceased to shine brightly. No rain ever fell and no winds blew. When they came to the knoll Raven found a patch of long, dry moss and showed the pair how to make a bed in it, and they slept very warmly. Raven drew down his mask and slept near by in the form of a bird. Wakening before the others, Raven went to the creek and made three pairs of fishes: sticklebacks, graylings, and blackfish. When they were swimming about in the water, he called to Man, "Come and see what I have made."
When Man saw the sticklebacks swimming up the stream with a wriggling motion, he was so surprised that he raised his hands suddenly and the fish darted away.
"Look at these graylings," said Raven; "they will be found in clear mountain streams, while the sticklebacks are already on their way to the sea. Both are good for food; so, whether you live beside the water or in the upland, you may find plenty to eat."
He looked about and thought there was nothing on the land as lively as the fish in the water, so he made the shrew-mice, for he said, "They will skip about and enliven the ground and prevent it from looking dead and barren, even if they are not good for food."
He kept on for several days making other animals, more fishes, and a few ground birds, for as yet there were no trees for birds to alight in. Every time he made anything he explained to Man what it was and what it would do.
After this he flew away to the sky and was gone four days, when he returned bringing a salmon for Man and his wife. He thought that the ponds and lakes seemed silent and lonely, so he made insects to fly over their surfaces, and muskrats and beavers to swim about near their borders. At that time the mosquito did not bite as it does now, and he said to Man:
"I made these flying creatures to enliven the world and make it cheerful. The skin of this muskrat you are to use for clothing. The beaver is very cunning and only good hunters can catch it. It will live in the streams and build strong houses, and you must follow its example and build a house."
When a child was born, Raven and Man took it to the creek and rubbed it with clay, and carried it back to the stopping-place on the knoll. The next morning the child was running about pulling up grass and other plants which Raven had caused to grow near by. On the third day the child became a full-grown man.
Raven one day went to the creek and made a bear, and gave it life; but he jumped aside very quickly when the bear stood up and looked fiercely about. He had thought there ought to be some animal of which Man would be afraid, and now he was almost afraid of the bear himself.
"You would better keep away from that animal," he said. "It is very fierce and will tear you to pieces if you disturb it."
He made various kinds of seals, and said to Man, "You are to eat these and to take their skins for clothing. Cut some of the skins into strips and make snares to catch deer. But you must not snare deer yet; wait until they are more numerous."
By and by another child was born, and the Man and Woman rubbed it with clay as Raven had taught them to do, and the next day the little girl walked about. On the third day she was a full-grown woman, for in those days people grew up very fast, so that the earth would be peopled.
緊張のうつりかわり
本文を 12 等分し、張りつめた語(死・血・恐れ・剣…)から和らいだ語(祝い・眠り・ 婚礼…)を引いて、話の中で 0〜1 に均したもの。自前の辞書である。翻訳を経た本文を測っているので、これは原話ではなくこの訳の性質である。
出来事の並び(数え上げ)
区画ごとに、コーパス全体の出現率に対して不釣り合いに多く出た引き金語を採っている。 生の回数で採ると、`father`/`mother` を持つ Family がほぼ全区画で勝つ(実測)。
Resurrection→Encounter→Death→Return→Birth→Transformation→Birth
似ている民話
多言語 Embedding のコサイン近傍。類似度は歴史的な起源や伝播を証明する値ではない。同じ本の話は文体を共有するぶん必ず似るので、そう分かるよう印を付けてある。
| # | 題名 | 文化圏 | 類似度 | 出典 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The First Man | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.966 | 同じ本 |
| 2 | Up to the Top of the Sky, and Down to the Bottom of the Sea | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.965 | 同じ本 |
| 3 | Taking Away the Sun | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.953 | 同じ本 |
| 4 | Other Men | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.952 | 同じ本 |
| 5 | Man's First Grief | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.951 | 同じ本 |
| 6 | Even a Grass Plant Can Become Someone If It Tries | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.950 | 同じ本 |
| 7 | Raven Makes an Ocean Voyage | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.946 | 同じ本 |
| 8 | The Touch of Clay | ウェールズ | 0.944 | 別の本 |
| 9 | Raven and the Geese | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.944 | 同じ本 |
| 10 | Qujâvârssuk | グリーンランド(イヌイット) | 0.944 | 別の本 |
| 11 | The Insects that wooed a wifeless man | グリーンランド(イヌイット) | 0.942 | 別の本 |
| 12 | Little Wild-rose | ルーマニア | 0.941 | 別の本 |