民話をさがす / ベーリング海峡(アラスカ)
The First Man
ベーリング海峡(アラスカ)(United States) / 本文の言語 英語 / 原話の言語 esx / 出典の刊年 1922 / 916 語
出典と権利
| 出典の本 | A Treasury of Eskimo Tales |
|---|---|
| 提供 | Project Gutenberg / https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/24569 |
| 採集・編者 | Clara Kern Bayliss |
| 刊年の根拠 | 扉の裏に『COPYRIGHT, 1922, By THOMAS Y. CROWELL COMPANY』 |
| 権利状態 | Public Domain (United States)(US)/確認日 2026-09-14 |
| 地図上の位置 | 緯度 64.5 / 経度 -164(精度 culture_region)。話の舞台でも採集地でもなく、この本が扱う文化圏のおおよその中心である。 |
本文
Project Gutenberg の本文から、PG のヘッダ・フッタ・商標文言を除いたもの。段落は原文のままである。
In the time before there were any people on earth, a large pea-vine was growing on the beach, and in the pod of this pea the first man lay coiled up for four days. On the fifth day he stretched out his feet and that bursted the pod. He fell to the ground, where he stood up, a full-grown man.
He had never seen anything that looked like him, and he did not know what to make of himself. He looked around, and then at himself; then he moved his arms and hands and was surprised that he could do it. He moved his neck and his legs, and examined himself curiously.
Looking back, he saw the pod from which he had fallen still hanging to the vine, with a hole at the lower end out of which he had dropped. He went up and looked in through the hole to see if there were any more like him in the pod. Then he looked about him again, and saw that he was getting farther away from the place where he started, and that the ground seemed very soft and moved up and down under his feet.
After a while he had an unpleasant feeling in his stomach, and stooped down to take water in his mouth from a small pool at his feet. The water ran down into his stomach and he felt better. When he looked up again, he saw a big dark object coming through the air with a waving motion. It came on until it was just in front of him when it stopped and, standing on the ground, looked at him.
This was a Raven, and as soon as it stopped it raised one of its wings, pushed up its beak like a mask, to the top of its head, and changed at once into a man. Before he raised his mask, the Raven had stared at the Man and now he stared more than ever, moving about from side to side to obtain a better view. At last he said:
"What are you? Where did you come from? I have never seen anything like you."
He looked again and said, "You are so much like me in shape that you surprise me."
Presently he said, "Walk away a few steps so that I may see you more clearly. I am astonished at you! I have never before seen anything like you. Where did you come from?"
"I came from the pea-pod," said Man pointing to the plant from which he came.
"Ah!" exclaimed Raven, "I made that vine, but did not know that anything like you would ever come out of it. Come with me to the high ground over there. This ground I made later and it is still soft and thin, but it is harder and thicker over there." They came to the higher ground which was firm under their feet.
"Have you eaten anything?" Raven asked Man.
"I took some soft stuff into me at one of the pools," replied Man.
"Ah! you drank water," said Raven. "Now wait for me here."
He drew down the mask over his face, changing again into a bird, and flew far up into the sky where he disappeared. Man waited where he had been left until the fourth day, when Raven returned, bringing four berries. Pushing up his mask, Raven became a man again and held out two salmonberries and two heathberries.
"Here is what I made for you to eat. I wish them to be plentiful over the earth. Now eat them."
Man took the berries and placed them in his mouth one after the other, and they satisfied his hunger which had made him feel uncomfortable. Raven then led Man to a small creek near by and left him till he went to the edge of the water and molded two pieces of clay into the form of a pair of mountain sheep. He held them in his hand till they were dry and then called Man to show him what he had done.
"Those are very pretty," said Man.
"Close your eyes for a little while," said Raven.
As soon as Man's eyes were closed Raven drew down his mask and waved his wings four times over the images, when they came to life and bounded away as full-grown mountain sheep.
Raven then raised his mask and said, "Look! Look quick!" When Man saw the sheep moving away full of life he cried out with pleasure. Seeing how pleased he was, Raven said, "If these animals are numerous, perhaps people will wish very much to get them."
"I think they will," said Man.
"Well, it will be better for them to have their home in the high cliffs," said Raven, "and there only shall they be found, so that everyone cannot kill them."
Then Raven made two animals of clay and gave them life when they were dry only in spots; and they remained brown and white, and were the tame reindeer with mottled coats.
"Those are very handsome," exclaimed Man, admiring them.
"Yes, but there will not be many of these," said Raven.
Then he made a pair of wild reindeer and let them get dry only on their bellies before giving them life; and to this day the belly of the wild reindeer is the only white part about it.
"These animals will be very common and people will kill many of them," said Raven.
緊張のうつりかわり
本文を 12 等分し、張りつめた語(死・血・恐れ・剣…)から和らいだ語(祝い・眠り・ 婚礼…)を引いて、話の中で 0〜1 に均したもの。自前の辞書である。翻訳を経た本文を測っているので、これは原話ではなくこの訳の性質である。
出来事の並び(数え上げ)
区画ごとに、コーパス全体の出現率に対して不釣り合いに多く出た引き金語を採っている。 生の回数で採ると、`father`/`mother` を持つ Family がほぼ全区画で勝つ(実測)。
Gift→Transformation→Resurrection
似ている民話
多言語 Embedding のコサイン近傍。類似度は歴史的な起源や伝播を証明する値ではない。同じ本の話は文体を共有するぶん必ず似るので、そう分かるよう印を付けてある。
| # | 題名 | 文化圏 | 類似度 | 出典 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Up to the Top of the Sky, and Down to the Bottom of the Sea | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.970 | 同じ本 |
| 2 | The First Woman | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.966 | 同じ本 |
| 3 | Taking Away the Sun | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.958 | 同じ本 |
| 4 | Even a Grass Plant Can Become Someone If It Tries | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.956 | 同じ本 |
| 5 | Raven Makes an Ocean Voyage | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.953 | 同じ本 |
| 6 | Raven and the Geese | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.950 | 同じ本 |
| 7 | The Touch of Clay | ウェールズ | 0.946 | 別の本 |
| 8 | Little Wild-rose | ルーマニア | 0.945 | 別の本 |
| 9 | Other Men | ベーリング海峡(アラスカ) | 0.944 | 同じ本 |
| 10 | Qujâvârssuk | グリーンランド(イヌイット) | 0.943 | 別の本 |
| 11 | Mother's Darling Jack | ルーマニア | 0.943 | 別の本 |
| 12 | The Wonderful Bird | ルーマニア | 0.943 | 別の本 |